the importance of adhering to the main food groups, the role of macro- and micronutrients, as well as the concepts of caloric content and energy value of foods.

 the importance of observing the main food groups, the role of macro- and micronutrients, as well as the concept of caloric content and energy value of products.

1. Observing the main food groups:

- Proteins - necessary for the growth and restoration of cells, tissues, muscles. Found in meat, fish, eggs, legumes, dairy products.

- Carbohydrates - the main source of energy for the body. Present in cereals, bread, vegetables, fruits, sweets.

- Fats - provide energy, participate in the absorption of vitamins. Sources - vegetable and animal oils, nuts, avocado.

- Vitamins - regulate metabolic processes, strengthen the immune system. Found in vegetables, fruits, berries, greens.

- Minerals - necessary for the normal functioning of organs and systems. Found in seafood, greens, whole grains.

2. The role of macro- and micronutrients:

- Macronutrients (proteins, fats, carbohydrates) are the main components of food that provide energy.

- Micronutrients (vitamins, minerals) - regulate the functioning of all body systems in small quantities.

- Deficiency or excess of any nutrients can lead to various health problems.

3. Caloric content and energy value:

- Calories are a unit of measurement of the energy value of food products.

- Energy value depends on the content of proteins, fats and carbohydrates.

- The caloric content of the diet should correspond to your energy expenditure in order to maintain optimal weight.

Maintaining a balance of the main food groups, a sufficient amount of macro- and micronutrients, as well as monitoring the caloric content of food are the key principles of a healthy and balanced diet.